A significant Iron Age hoard, dubbed the Melsonby Hoard, has been unearthed in North Yorkshire, marking one of the most extraordinary archaeological discoveries in the UK.
More than 800 artefacts, dating back 2,000 years, were discovered by metal detectorist Peter Heads in 2021 near the village of Melsonby.
After reporting the find to authorities, Durham University archaeologists, led by Professor Tom Moore, conducted an excavation, uncovering a vast collection of high-status objects. The discovery includes ceremonial spears, pony harnesses, wagon parts, cauldrons, and a wine mixing bowl decorated in both Mediterranean and Iron Age styles. Many of the objects had been ritually destroyed or burned, a practice believed to hold significant cultural meaning.
Professor Moore emphasized the unprecedented scale and significance of the hoard, stating: “The Melsonby hoard is exceptional for Britain and probably even Europe. The destruction of so many high-status objects demonstrates that the elites of northern Britain were just as powerful as their southern counterparts.”
Some of the harness pieces were adorned with Mediterranean coral and colored glass, indicating strong trade links with Europe and the Roman Empire. The discovery challenges long-held perceptions that northern Britain was a cultural backwater, instead suggesting it was home to powerful elites engaged in extensive networks.
The excavation was supported by Historic England, which granted £120,000 for the research. Duncan Wilson, Chief Executive of Historic England, described it as one of the most important and exciting Iron Age discoveries ever made in the UK.
Heritage Minister Sir Chris Bryant added: “The Melsonby Hoard provides invaluable insight into Iron Age Britain and its connections with Europe, helping us better understand our nation's history.”
The hoard's estimated value is £254,000, and preservation efforts are underway. One of the ditches containing artefacts has been X-rayed at Southampton University and will remain intact to protect its contents for future study.
